形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)簡單的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)）、平板夾緊在(zai)(zai)空(kong)(kong)氣中(zhong)(zhong)冷卻(que)（將加(jia)(jia)熱后的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)置于(yu)兩塊鐵板或銅(tong)板之(zhi)間(jian)壓緊，在(zai)(zai)空(kong)(kong)氣中(zhong)(zhong)冷卻(que)。此法(fa)操作較繁，但工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)變形(xing)(xing)小(xiao)(xiao)，只適(shi)合(he)于(yu)某(mou)種特殊形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)）、分級淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)（將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)熱后置高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)Ms點(dian)溫度(du)的(de)(de)(de)硝(xiao)鹽中(zhong)(zhong)，停(ting)留一定時間(jian)，待工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)外溫度(du)基本一致后，取出(chu)在(zai)(zai)空(kong)(kong)氣中(zhong)(zhong)冷卻(que)。此法(fa)既能保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)，又能減(jian)少工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)，用(yong)于(yu)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)復雜變形(xing)(xing)要求小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)）。如對(dui)V10、APS23等粉末合(he)金鋼零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，因其能承受高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫回火(huo)(huo)，淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)時可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)二(er)次硬化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝，1040℃～1080℃淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)，再用(yong)490℃～520℃高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫回火(huo)(huo)并進(jin)行多次，可(ke)以獲得較高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)沖擊韌性及穩定性，對(dui)以崩刃為(wei)主要失(shi)效形(xing)(xing)式的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)具(ju)很適(shi)用(yong)。（二(er)）模(mo)具(ju)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)機床有三種主要類型：平面磨(mo)(mo)床、內(nei)外圓磨(mo)(mo)床及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)成(cheng)型磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)機床。精加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)時要嚴格控制磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)變形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)裂紋的(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現，哪怕是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)顯微裂紋，否則在(zai)(zai)后續的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)(zhong)也會漸(jian)漸(jian)顯露出(chu)來。因此，精密(mi)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)時的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)刀量要小(xiao)(xiao)，磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)冷卻(que)要充分，盡量選擇冷卻(que)液(ye)介質，加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量在(zai)(zai)0．01mm內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)要盡量恒(heng)溫磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)。磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時一定要謹(jin)慎選擇磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)砂輪(lun)：針對(dui)模(mo)具(ju)鋼材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)鎢、高(gao)(gao)(gao)釩、高(gao)(gao)(gao)鉬、高(gao)(gao)(gao)合(he)金狀(zhuang)(zhuang)況，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)硬度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)，可(ke)選用(yong)PA鉻鋼和(he)(he)GC綠碳化(hua)硅砂輪(lun)。蘇州(zhou)找(zhao)數控加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)哪家(jia)好，選擇上海京九實業有限公司(si)。溫州(zhou)精密(mi)機械零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設備

因(yin)此飛機(ji)(ji)、火箭制(zhi)造(zao)部(bu)門和發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)部(bu)門所(suo)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)有(you)所(suo)不(bu)同。在(zai)(zai)飛機(ji)(ji)和火箭制(zhi)造(zao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)連續(xu)(xu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)大(da)型數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)銑床(chuang)為(wei)主，而在(zai)(zai)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)既(ji)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)連續(xu)(xu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)，也采(cai)用(yong)(yong)點位(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)（如數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)鉆床(chuang)、數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)鏜床(chuang)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)等）。數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)一(yi)般帶有(you)可(ke)以自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)換刀(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)刀(dao)(dao)架、刀(dao)(dao)庫，換刀(dao)(dao)過程(cheng)由程(cheng)序控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)進行，因(yin)此，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序比較集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)帶來(lai)巨大(da)的(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)益：⑴減少(shao)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)占地面積(ji)，節約廠房。⑵減少(shao)或沒有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)環節（如半成(cheng)品(pin)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)檢測(ce)、暫存(cun)搬運等），既(ji)省(sheng)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)又(you)省(sheng)人力。數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)，不(bu)需(xu)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化程(cheng)度(du)高(gao)。帶來(lai)的(de)(de)好(hao)處很明顯。⑴對操作工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)要(yao)求降(jiang)低：一(yi)個(ge)(ge)普通機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)高(gao)級工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，不(bu)是短時(shi)(shi)間(jian)內(nei)可(ke)以培養的(de)(de)，而一(yi)個(ge)(ge)不(bu)需(xu)編程(cheng)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)培養時(shi)(shi)間(jian)極短（如數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)要(yao)一(yi)周即可(ke)，還會編寫簡單的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)序）。并且，數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)(zai)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上(shang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)出的(de)(de)零(ling)件比普通工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)(zai)傳統(tong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上(shang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)零(ling)件精度(du)要(yao)高(gao)，時(shi)(shi)間(jian)要(yao)省(sheng)。⑵降(jiang)低了(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)強度(du)：數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人在(zai)(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大(da)部(bu)分時(shi)(shi)間(jian)被排斥在(zai)(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)之外，非常省(sheng)力。⑶產(chan)品(pin)質量穩定：數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化，免除了(le)(le)普通機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上(shang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)疲勞、粗心(xin)、估計等人為(wei)誤差，提高(gao)了(le)(le)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)一(yi)致性(xing)。江蘇數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)哪(na)家好(hao)浙江數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)哪(na)家好(hao)，選(xuan)擇上(shang)海京九實業有(you)限公司。

通常遍粗(cu)(cu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)直(zhi)邊，第(di)二遍錐度加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，第(di)三遍再精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)直(zhi)邊，這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝特(te)點是，不需要(yao)再對已(yi)(yi)有的(de)(de)(de)錐度邊進(jin)行(xing)垂直(zhi)向精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，只是精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)刃口(kou)段(duan)直(zhi)邊，第(di)四遍再精(jing)(jing)修直(zhi)邊刃口(kou)。電(dian)(dian)火(huo)花(hua)成型(xing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)分別要(yao)制作粗(cu)(cu)、精(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)要(yao)求形(xing)狀(zhuang)符合(he)(he)型(xing)腔性好(hao)，好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)已(yi)(yi)用(yong)CNC數控機床加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)完成。電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)材質選擇上，紫銅(tong)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)主要(yao)用(yong)于(yu)一般鋼件(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)；Cu－W合(he)(he)金電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，綜合(he)(he)性能(neng)好(hao)，特(te)別是加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)損耗(hao)量比紫銅(tong)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)明顯小，在(zai)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)排屑條件(jian)下(xia)，對難加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)材料和(he)截面(mian)(mian)形(xing)狀(zhuang)復(fu)(fu)雜(za)(za)件(jian)精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)很(hen)合(he)(he)適；Ag－W合(he)(he)金電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)比Cu－W合(he)(he)金電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)性能(neng)更優，因資(zi)源少價格高(gao)，一般現在(zai)還很(hen)少采用(yong)；另外還有石(shi)墨(mo)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，現已(yi)(yi)使用(yong)，目前有國產石(shi)墨(mo)和(he)進(jin)口(kou)石(shi)墨(mo)之(zhi)分，進(jin)口(kou)石(shi)墨(mo)以(yi)損耗(hao)小、硬(ying)度大、電(dian)(dian)蝕速度快、表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度低，占(zhan)據優勢，已(yi)(yi)在(zai)許(xu)多復(fu)(fu)雜(za)(za)件(jian)精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)得到應用(yong)。設計電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時，計算電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)間(jian)隙(xi)量及電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)數量。當(dang)進(jin)行(xing)大面(mian)(mian)積或重電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)與電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)裝夾均要(yao)穩固(gu)，具(ju)有一定的(de)(de)(de)強度，防止加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)松動。但是電(dian)(dian)火(huo)花(hua)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)比普通機械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)或熱處理(li)后的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)更難研(yan)磨(mo)，因此(ci)電(dian)(dian)火(huo)花(hua)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)結束前應采用(yong)精(jing)(jing)規準修整(zheng)，去除表(biao)面(mian)(mian)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)化(hua)薄(bo)層(ceng)。（四）模具(ju)零件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)處理(li)成型(xing)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容。

⑵開(kai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)程注(zhu)意(yi)事項(xiang)1）嚴格(ge)按(an)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)說明書中(zhong)的(de)開(kai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)順序進(jin)行(xing)(xing)操(cao)作(zuo)。2）一般(ban)情況(kuang)(kuang)下開(kai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)必須先進(jin)行(xing)(xing)回機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)參考點操(cao)作(zuo)，建立(li)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)做(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)。3）開(kai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)后讓機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)空運轉15min以(yi)上，使機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)達到平衡狀態。4）關機(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)后必須等(deng)待5min以(yi)上才可(ke)以(yi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)再次開(kai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，沒有(you)(you)特殊(shu)情況(kuang)(kuang)不得(de)隨(sui)意(yi)頻繁進(jin)行(xing)(xing)開(kai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)或關機(ji)(ji)(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)。⑶調(diao)試(shi)(shi)過(guo)(guo)程注(zhu)意(yi)事項(xiang)1）編(bian)輯、修改、調(diao)試(shi)(shi)好程序。若(ruo)是首件(jian)試(shi)(shi)切必須進(jin)行(xing)(xing)空運行(xing)(xing)，確(que)(que)(que)保(bao)程序正確(que)(que)(que)無誤(wu)。2）按(an)工(gong)(gong)藝要(yao)(yao)求安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、調(diao)試(shi)(shi)好夾具(ju)，并(bing)各定位面的(de)鐵(tie)屑和雜物。3）按(an)定位要(yao)(yao)求裝(zhuang)(zhuang)夾好工(gong)(gong)件(jian)，確(que)(que)(que)保(bao)定位正確(que)(que)(que)可(ke)靠。不得(de)在(zai)(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)發生工(gong)(gong)件(jian)有(you)(you)松動現象。4）安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)好所要(yao)(yao)用的(de)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)，若(ruo)是加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心，則必須使刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)在(zai)(zai)刀(dao)(dao)庫(ku)上的(de)刀(dao)(dao)位號與程序中(zhong)的(de)刀(dao)(dao)號嚴格(ge)一致。5）按(an)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)上的(de)編(bian)程原點進(jin)行(xing)(xing)對刀(dao)(dao)，建立(li)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)坐(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)。若(ruo)用多(duo)把刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)，則其(qi)余各把刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)分別進(jin)行(xing)(xing)長度(du)補(bu)償(chang)或刀(dao)(dao)尖位置補(bu)償(chang)。數(shu)控(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)3D模(mo)擬(ni)數(shu)控(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)3D技術(shu)可(ke)以(yi)使數(shu)控(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)操(cao)作(zuo)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)準確(que)(que)(que)，避免了儀器的(de)損壞，保(bao)證了產品加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)準確(que)(que)(que)性和高(gao)效性。通過(guo)(guo)一系(xi)(xi)列復雜的(de)算法，計算出(chu)模(mo)型的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)軌(gui)跡，實現金屬(shu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、金屬(shu)切割等(deng)模(mo)擬(ni)數(shu)控(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)。南(nan)京數(shu)控(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)推薦哪家，選擇上海京九實業有(you)(you)限公司。

從(cong)1990年(nian)(nian)起，由于汽車(che)、能(neng)源、醫療器材、信息、光電和(he)(he)通信等(deng)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)蓬勃發展，超精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)機的(de)需求急劇增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)界(jie)(jie)的(de)應用(yong)包括非球面光學鏡(jing)片(pian)、Fresnel鏡(jing)片(pian)、超精(jing)密(mi)(mi)模(mo)具、磁(ci)盤驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)器磁(ci)頭、磁(ci)盤基(ji)板加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)、半導體(ti)晶(jing)片(pian)切割等(deng)。在(zai)這一時(shi)期，超精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)設(she)備的(de)相關(guan)技術(shu)，例(li)如控制器、激光干涉儀、空氣(qi)軸(zhou)承精(jing)密(mi)(mi)主軸(zhou)、空氣(qi)軸(zhou)承導軌、油壓軸(zhou)承導軌、摩擦驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)進給軸(zhou)也逐漸成熟，超精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)設(she)備變為(wei)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)界(jie)(jie)常見的(de)生產(chan)機器設(she)備，許多公(gong)司，甚至是(shi)小公(gong)司也紛紛推出量產(chan)型設(she)備。此外(wai)，設(she)備精(jing)度(du)也逐漸接近納米級水平，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)行程變得更大(da)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)應用(yong)也逐漸增(zeng)廣，除(chu)了金剛石車(che)床和(he)(he)超精(jing)密(mi)(mi)研磨外(wai)，超精(jing)密(mi)(mi)五軸(zhou)銑削(xue)和(he)(he)飛切技術(shu)也被開(kai)發出來(lai)，并(bing)且可以(yi)(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)非軸(zhou)對(dui)稱非球面的(de)光學鏡(jing)片(pian)。世界(jie)(jie)上(shang)的(de)超精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)強國(guo)以(yi)(yi)歐美(mei)(mei)和(he)(he)日本為(wei)先，但(dan)兩(liang)者的(de)研究重點并(bing)不(bu)(bu)一樣(yang)。歐美(mei)(mei)出于對(dui)能(neng)源或空間(jian)開(kai)發的(de)重視(shi)，特別是(shi)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)，幾(ji)十年(nian)(nian)來(lai)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)投(tou)入巨額經費，對(dui)大(da)型紫外(wai)線、x射(she)(she)線探測(ce)望遠鏡(jing)的(de)大(da)口徑反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)鏡(jing)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)進行研究。如美(mei)(mei)國(guo)太空署(NASA)推動(dong)的(de)太空開(kai)發計劃，以(yi)(yi)制作1m以(yi)(yi)上(shang)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)鏡(jing)為(wei)目標，目的(de)是(shi)探測(ce)x射(she)(she)線等(deng)短波(O．1～30nm)。由于X射(she)(she)線能(neng)量密(mi)(mi)度(du)高(gao)，必須(xu)使(shi)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)鏡(jing)表(biao)面粗糙度(du)達到埃級來(lai)提高(gao)反(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)率。南京找數控加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)哪家好，選擇(ze)上(shang)海京九實業(ye)有限公(gong)司。江(jiang)蘇龍門加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)設(she)備

蘇州數控加(jia)工選擇哪家，選擇上海京九實業有限公司(si)。溫州精密機(ji)械(xie)零件加(jia)工設備

所謂“換(huan)刀(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)”是(shi)指(zhi)刀(dao)(dao)架轉動換(huan)刀(dao)(dao)時的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)，換(huan)刀(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)應設(she)在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)夾具的(de)(de)(de)外部，以換(huan)刀(dao)(dao)時不(bu)碰(peng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)及其它(ta)部件(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)準。數控加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)用(yong)量(liang)數控編(bian)(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)時，編(bian)(bian)程(cheng)(cheng)人員(yuan)必須確(que)定(ding)每道工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)用(yong)量(liang)，并以指(zhi)令的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)寫人程(cheng)(cheng)序中。切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)用(yong)量(liang)包括主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)轉速(su)(su)、背(bei)吃刀(dao)(dao)量(liang)及進(jin)給(gei)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等。對于不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法(fa)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)選(xuan)用(yong)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)用(yong)量(liang)。切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)用(yong)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇原則是(shi)：保證零件(jian)(jian)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)表面(mian)粗糙度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，充分發(fa)揮(hui)刀(dao)(dao)具切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)性(xing)能(neng)，保證合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)(dao)具耐用(yong)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，并充分發(fa)揮(hui)機床的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)，大(da)限度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)提(ti)高生(sheng)產率，降低成本。1、確(que)定(ding)主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)轉速(su)(su)主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)轉速(su)(su)應根據(ju)允(yun)許(xu)的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)（或(huo)刀(dao)(dao)具）直(zhi)徑來選(xuan)擇。其計(ji)算公式(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)：n=1000v/71D式(shi)(shi)中：v?切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，單(dan)(dan)位(wei)為(wei)(wei)m/m動，由刀(dao)(dao)具的(de)(de)(de)耐用(yong)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)決定(ding)；n一(yi)一(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)轉速(su)(su)，單(dan)(dan)位(wei)為(wei)(wei)r/min,D為(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)直(zhi)徑或(huo)刀(dao)(dao)具直(zhi)徑，單(dan)(dan)位(wei)為(wei)(wei)mm。計(ji)算的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)轉速(su)(su)n，后(hou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)選(xuan)取(qu)機床有的(de)(de)(de)或(huo)較接近的(de)(de)(de)轉速(su)(su)。2、確(que)定(ding)進(jin)給(gei)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)進(jin)給(gei)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)數控機床切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)用(yong)量(liang)中的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)參數，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)根據(ju)零件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)表面(mian)粗糙度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)以及刀(dao)(dao)具、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)材料性(xing)質(zhi)選(xuan)取(qu)。大(da)進(jin)給(gei)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)受(shou)機床剛(gang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)進(jin)給(gei)系統的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)限制。確(que)定(ding)進(jin)給(gei)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)原則：當工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)能(neng)夠得到保證時，為(wei)(wei)提(ti)高生(sheng)產效率，可選(xuan)擇較高的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)給(gei)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。一(yi)般在100一(yi)200mm/min范圍內選(xuan)取(qu)。溫州(zhou)精密(mi)機械(xie)零件(jian)(jian)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)備

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